\select@language {spanish}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}Introducci\IeC {\'o}n a SPSS}{3}{chapter.1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.1}Introducci\IeC {\'o}n}{3}{section.1.1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.2}Funciones b\IeC {\'a}sicas}{3}{section.1.2}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.1}Arranque}{3}{subsection.1.2.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.2}Introducci\IeC {\'o}n de datos}{5}{subsection.1.2.2}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.3}Guardar datos}{6}{subsection.1.2.3}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.4}Recuperar datos}{7}{subsection.1.2.4}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.5}Modificaci\IeC {\'o}n de datos}{7}{subsection.1.2.5}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.6}Transformaci\IeC {\'o}n y generaci\IeC {\'o}n de datos}{7}{subsection.1.2.6}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.7}Recodificaci\IeC {\'o}n de datos}{8}{subsection.1.2.7}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.8}Impresi\IeC {\'o}n}{9}{subsection.1.2.8}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.9}Salir del programa}{9}{subsection.1.2.9}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.2.10}Ayuda}{9}{subsection.1.2.10}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.3}Ejercicios resueltos}{10}{section.1.3}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.4}Caso pr\IeC {\'a}ctico}{12}{section.1.4}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2}Distribuciones de Frecuencias y Representaciones Gr\IeC {\'a}ficas}{15}{chapter.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{15}{section.2.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.1}C\IeC {\'a}lculo de Frecuencias}{15}{subsection.2.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.2}Representaciones Gr\IeC {\'a}ficas}{16}{subsection.2.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Diagrama de barras y pol\IeC {\'\i }gono de frecuencias}{17}{subsection.2.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Histogramas}{18}{figure.caption.9}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Sectores circulares o diagrama de sectores}{19}{figure.caption.10}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Diagrama de cajas y datos at\IeC {\'\i }picos}{19}{figure.caption.11}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{19}{section.2.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{21}{section.2.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3}Estad\IeC {\'\i }sticos Muestrales}{23}{chapter.3}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{23}{section.3.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.1}Medidas de posici\IeC {\'o}n}{23}{subsection.3.1.1}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Media aritm\IeC {\'e}tica $ \overline {\unhbox \voidb@x \hbox {\textit {x}}}$}{23}{subsection.3.1.1}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Mediana \textit {Me}}{23}{subsection.3.1.1}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Moda \textit {Mo}}{23}{subsection.3.1.1}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Cuantiles}{24}{subsection.3.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.2}Medidas de dispersi\IeC {\'o}n}{24}{subsection.3.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Rango o Recorrido \textit {Re}}{24}{subsection.3.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Rango Intercuart\IeC {\'\i }lico \textit {RI}}{24}{subsection.3.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Varianza $\textit {s}_\textit {x}^\textrm {2}$}{24}{subsection.3.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Desviaci\IeC {\'o}n T\IeC {\'\i }pica $\textit {s}_\textit {x}$}{24}{subsection.3.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Coeficiente de Variaci\IeC {\'o}n de Pearson $\textit {Cv}_\textit {x}$}{25}{subsection.3.1.2}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.3}Medidas de forma}{25}{subsection.3.1.3}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Coeficiente de asimetr\IeC {\'\i }a de Fisher $\textit {g}_\textit {1}$}{25}{subsection.3.1.3}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Coeficiente de apuntamiento o curtosis $\textit {g}_\textit {2}$}{25}{subsection.3.1.3}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1.4}Estad\IeC {\'\i }sticos de variables en las que se definen grupos}{26}{subsection.3.1.4}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{26}{section.3.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{29}{section.3.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}Regresi\IeC {\'o}n Lineal Simple y Correlaci\IeC {\'o}n}{32}{chapter.4}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{32}{section.4.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1.1}Regresi\IeC {\'o}n}{32}{subsection.4.1.1}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Rectas de regresi\IeC {\'o}n}{34}{figure.caption.15}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1.2}Correlaci\IeC {\'o}n}{35}{subsection.4.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Varianza residual}{35}{subsection.4.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Coeficiente de determinaci\IeC {\'o}n}{36}{subsection.4.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Coeficiente de determinaci\IeC {\'o}n lineal}{37}{subsection.4.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Coeficiente de correlaci\IeC {\'o}n}{37}{subsection.4.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Fiabilidad de las predicciones}{37}{figure.caption.18}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{39}{section.4.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{41}{section.4.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Regresi\IeC {\'o}n no lineal}{43}{chapter.5}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{43}{section.5.1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{43}{section.5.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{46}{section.5.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}Variables Aleatorias Discretas}{47}{chapter.6}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{47}{section.6.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.1}Variables Aleatorias}{47}{subsection.6.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1.2}Variables Aleatorias Discretas (v.a.d.)}{47}{subsection.6.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Funci\IeC {\'o}n de probabilidad}{47}{subsection.6.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Funci\IeC {\'o}n de distribuci\IeC {\'o}n}{47}{subsection.6.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Estad\IeC {\'\i }sticos poblacionales}{48}{figure.caption.20}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Variable Binomial}{48}{figure.caption.20}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Variable de Poisson}{49}{figure.caption.21}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{50}{section.6.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{54}{section.6.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7}Variables Aleatorias Continuas}{55}{chapter.7}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{55}{section.7.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.1.1}Variables Aleatorias}{55}{subsection.7.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.1.2}Variables Aleatorias Continuas (v.a.c.)}{55}{subsection.7.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Funci\IeC {\'o}n de densidad}{55}{subsection.7.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Funci\IeC {\'o}n de distribuci\IeC {\'o}n}{56}{figure.caption.23}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Estad\IeC {\'\i }sticos poblacionales}{56}{figure.caption.23}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Distribuci\IeC {\'o}n Normal}{57}{figure.caption.23}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Distribuci\IeC {\'o}n Chi-cuadrado}{57}{figure.caption.24}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Distribuci\IeC {\'o}n $T$ de Student}{58}{figure.caption.25}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Distribuci\IeC {\'o}n $F$ de Fisher-Snedecor}{59}{figure.caption.26}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{60}{section.7.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{65}{section.7.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {8}Intervalos de Confianza para Medias y Proporciones}{66}{chapter.8}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{66}{section.8.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.1}Inferencia Estad\IeC {\'\i }stica y Estimaci\IeC {\'o}n de Par\IeC {\'a}metros}{66}{subsection.8.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.1.2}Intervalos de Confianza}{66}{subsection.8.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalos de confianza para la media}{67}{figure.caption.28}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalo de confianza para la media de una poblaci\IeC {\'o}n normal con varianza conocida en muestras de cualquier tama\IeC {\~n}o}{68}{figure.caption.28}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalo de confianza para la media de una poblaci\IeC {\'o}n normal con varianza desconocida en muestras de cualquier tama\IeC {\~n}o}{68}{figure.caption.29}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalo de confianza para la media de una poblaci\IeC {\'o}n no normal, varianza conocida y muestras grandes ($n\geq 30$)}{69}{figure.caption.29}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalo de confianza para la media de una poblaci\IeC {\'o}n no normal, varianza desconocida y muestras grandes ($n\geq 30$)}{69}{figure.caption.29}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalos de confianza para la proporci\IeC {\'o}n poblacional $p$}{69}{figure.caption.29}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{70}{section.8.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{72}{section.8.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9}Intervalos de Confianza para Comparaci\IeC {\'o}n de Poblaciones}{73}{chapter.9}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{73}{section.9.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.1}Inferencia Estad\IeC {\'\i }stica y Estimaci\IeC {\'o}n de Par\IeC {\'a}metros}{73}{subsection.9.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.2}Intervalos de Confianza}{73}{subsection.9.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalos de confianza para la la diferencia de medias}{74}{subsection.9.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalo de confianza para la diferencia de dos medias en poblaciones normales, con varianzas poblacionales conocidas, independientemente del tama\IeC {\~n}o de la muestra}{74}{subsection.9.1.2}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalo de confianza para la diferencia de dos medias en poblaciones normales, con varianzas poblacionales desconocidas, independientemente del tama\IeC {\~n}o de la muestra}{75}{figure.caption.30}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalo de confianza para la diferencia de dos medias en poblaciones no normales, y muestras grandes ($n_{1}\geq 30$ y $n_{2}\geq 30$)}{76}{figure.caption.30}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalos de confianza para la media de la diferencia en datos emparejados}{76}{figure.caption.30}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalos de confianza para la diferencia de dos proporciones poblacionales $p_1$ y $p_2$}{77}{figure.caption.30}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Intervalo de Confianza para la Raz\IeC {\'o}n de dos Varianzas $\sigma _{1}^{2}$ y $\sigma _{2}^{2}$ de Poblaciones Normales}{77}{figure.caption.30}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{78}{section.9.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{80}{section.9.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10}Contraste de Hip\IeC {\'o}tesis}{82}{chapter.10}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{82}{section.10.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.1.1}Inferencia Estad\IeC {\'\i }stica y Contrastes de Hip\IeC {\'o}tesis}{82}{subsection.10.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.1.2}Tipos de Contrastes de Hip\IeC {\'o}tesis}{82}{subsection.10.1.2}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.1.3}Elementos de un Contraste}{82}{subsection.10.1.3}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Hip\IeC {\'o}tesis Nula e Hip\IeC {\'o}tesis Alternativa}{82}{subsection.10.1.3}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Errores en un Contraste. Nivel de significaci\IeC {\'o}n y Potencia}{83}{ejemplo.5}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Estad\IeC {\'\i }stico del Contraste y Regiones de Aceptaci\IeC {\'o}n y Rechazo}{84}{table.caption.31}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{El $p$-Valor de un Contraste}{85}{figure.caption.33}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contrastes y Estad\IeC {\'\i }sticos de Contraste}{86}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contraste para la media de una poblaci\IeC {\'o}n normal con varianza conocida}{86}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contraste para la media de una poblaci\IeC {\'o}n normal con varianza desconocida}{87}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contraste para la proporci\IeC {\'o}n en muestras grandes y distribuciones sim\IeC {\'e}tricas (tanto $np$ como $n(1-p)$ deben ser mayores que 5)}{87}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contraste para la varianza de una poblaci\IeC {\'o}n normal}{87}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contraste para la diferencia de medias de poblaciones normales con varianzas conocidas}{87}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contraste para la diferencia de medias de poblaciones normales con varianzas desconocidas}{88}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contraste para la diferencia de proporciones en muestras grandes y distribuciones sim\IeC {\'e}tricas ($n_1p_1$, $n_1(1-p_1)$, $n_2p_2$, $n_2(1-p_2)$ deben ser mayores que 5)}{88}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Contraste para la igualdad de varianzas de poblaciones normales}{88}{figure.caption.34}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{88}{section.10.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{90}{section.10.3}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {11}An\IeC {\'a}lisis de la Varianza de 1 Factor}{92}{chapter.11}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.1}Fundamentos te\IeC {\'o}ricos}{92}{section.11.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {11.1.1}Notaci\IeC {\'o}n, Modelo y Contraste}{92}{subsection.11.1.1}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{Tabla de ANOVA}{94}{subsection.11.1.1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.2}Ejercicios resueltos}{95}{section.11.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.3}Ejercicios propuestos}{97}{section.11.3}
